:: Basic Notions and Properties of Orthoposets :: by Markus Moschner :: :: Received February 11, 2003 :: Copyright (c) 2003-2021 Association of Mizar Users :: (Stowarzyszenie Uzytkownikow Mizara, Bialystok, Poland). :: This code can be distributed under the GNU General Public Licence :: version 3.0 or later, or the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike :: License version 3.0 or later, subject to the binding interpretation :: detailed in file COPYING.interpretation. :: See COPYING.GPL and COPYING.CC-BY-SA for the full text of these :: licenses, or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html and :: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. environ vocabularies XBOOLE_0, RELAT_1, SUBSET_1, TARSKI, FUNCT_5, FUNCT_1, RELAT_2, ORDERS_2, XXREAL_0, ORDINAL2, LATTICE3, BINOP_1, QMAX_1, STRUCT_0, ROBBINS1, WAYBEL_0, YELLOW_0, EQREL_1, WAYBEL_1, LATTICES, OPOSET_1, CARD_1; notations TARSKI, XBOOLE_0, SUBSET_1, FUNCT_1, RELAT_1, RELAT_2, FUNCT_2, RELSET_1, PARTFUN1, BINOP_1, DOMAIN_1, FUNCT_5, ORDINAL1, CARD_1, STRUCT_0, ORDERS_2, LATTICE3, ROBBINS1, WAYBEL_0, WAYBEL_1, YELLOW_0, NECKLACE, QMAX_1, PARTIT_2; constructors REALSET2, LATTICE3, WAYBEL_1, NECKLACE, QMAX_1, FUNCT_5, PARTIT_2; registrations XBOOLE_0, RELAT_1, FUNCT_1, PARTFUN1, FUNCT_2, STRUCT_0, YELLOW_0, WAYBEL24, PARTIT_2, CARD_1, RELAT_2; requirements BOOLE, SUBSET; begin reserve X for non empty set, R for Relation of X; :: Some basic definitions and theorems for later examples; theorem :: OPOSET_1:1 for L being non empty reflexive antisymmetric RelStr for x,y being Element of L holds x <= y implies sup {x,y} = y & inf {x,y} = x; :: for various types of relations needed for Posets :: Some existence conditions on non-empty relations registration let X be set; cluster irreflexive asymmetric transitive for Relation of X; end; registration let X, R; let C be UnOp of X; cluster OrthoRelStr(#X,R,C#) -> non empty; end; registration cluster non empty strict for OrthoRelStr; end; :: Double negation property of the internal Complement registration let O be set; cluster involutive for Function of O,O; end; :: Small example structures definition func TrivOrthoRelStr -> strict OrthoRelStr equals :: OPOSET_1:def 1 OrthoRelStr (#{0}, id{0}, op1 #); end; notation synonym TrivPoset for TrivOrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> 1-element; end; definition func TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> strict OrthoRelStr equals :: OPOSET_1:def 2 OrthoRelStr (#{0},{}({0},{0}), op1 #); end; registration cluster TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> non empty; end; definition let O be non empty OrthoRelStr; attr O is Dneg means :: OPOSET_1:def 3 ex f being Function of O,O st f = the Compl of O & f is involutive; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> Dneg; end; registration cluster Dneg for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: InternalRel based properties definition let O be non empty RelStr; attr O is SubReFlexive means :: OPOSET_1:def 4 the InternalRel of O is reflexive; end; reserve O for non empty RelStr; theorem :: OPOSET_1:2 O is reflexive implies O is SubReFlexive; theorem :: OPOSET_1:3 TrivOrthoRelStr is reflexive; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> reflexive; end; registration cluster reflexive strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; definition let O; redefine attr O is irreflexive means :: OPOSET_1:def 5 the InternalRel of O is irreflexive; redefine attr O is irreflexive means :: OPOSET_1:def 6 the InternalRel of O is_irreflexive_in the carrier of O; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:4 TrivAsymOrthoRelStr is irreflexive; registration cluster TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> irreflexive; end; registration cluster irreflexive strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Symmetry definition let O be non empty RelStr; redefine attr O is symmetric means :: OPOSET_1:def 7 the InternalRel of O is symmetric Relation of the carrier of O; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:5 TrivOrthoRelStr is symmetric; registration cluster symmetric strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Antisymmetry definition let O; redefine attr O is antisymmetric means :: OPOSET_1:def 8 the InternalRel of O is antisymmetric Relation of the carrier of O; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> symmetric; end; registration cluster symmetric antisymmetric strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Asymmetry definition let O; redefine attr O is asymmetric means :: OPOSET_1:def 9 the InternalRel of O is_asymmetric_in the carrier of O; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:6 TrivAsymOrthoRelStr is asymmetric; registration cluster TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> asymmetric; end; registration cluster asymmetric strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Transitivity definition let O; redefine attr O is transitive means :: OPOSET_1:def 10 the InternalRel of O is transitive Relation of the carrier of O; end; registration cluster reflexive symmetric antisymmetric transitive strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:7 TrivAsymOrthoRelStr is transitive; registration cluster TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> irreflexive asymmetric transitive; end; registration cluster irreflexive asymmetric transitive strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:8 O is symmetric transitive implies O is SubReFlexive; theorem :: OPOSET_1:9 O is irreflexive transitive implies O is asymmetric; theorem :: OPOSET_1:10 O is asymmetric implies O is irreflexive; begin :: Quasiorder (Preorder) definition let O; attr O is SubQuasiOrdered means :: OPOSET_1:def 11 O is SubReFlexive transitive; end; notation let O; synonym O is SubPreOrdered for O is SubQuasiOrdered; end; definition let O; attr O is QuasiOrdered means :: OPOSET_1:def 12 O is reflexive transitive; end; notation let O; synonym O is PreOrdered for O is QuasiOrdered; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:11 O is QuasiOrdered implies O is SubQuasiOrdered; registration cluster QuasiOrdered -> SubQuasiOrdered for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> QuasiOrdered; end; reserve O for non empty OrthoRelStr; :: QuasiPure means complementation-order-like combination of properties definition let O; attr O is QuasiPure means :: OPOSET_1:def 13 O is Dneg QuasiOrdered; end; registration cluster QuasiPure Dneg QuasiOrdered strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> QuasiPure; end; definition mode QuasiPureOrthoRelStr is QuasiPure non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Partial Order ---> Poset definition let O; attr O is PartialOrdered means :: OPOSET_1:def 14 O is reflexive antisymmetric transitive; end; registration cluster PartialOrdered -> reflexive antisymmetric transitive for non empty OrthoRelStr; cluster reflexive antisymmetric transitive -> PartialOrdered for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Pureness for partial orders definition let O; attr O is Pure means :: OPOSET_1:def 15 O is Dneg PartialOrdered; end; registration cluster Pure Dneg PartialOrdered strict for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> Pure; end; definition mode PureOrthoRelStr is Pure non empty OrthoRelStr; end; :: Strict Poset definition let O; attr O is StrictPartialOrdered means :: OPOSET_1:def 16 O is asymmetric transitive; end; notation let O; synonym O is StrictOrdered for O is StrictPartialOrdered; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:12 O is StrictPartialOrdered implies O is irreflexive; registration cluster StrictPartialOrdered -> irreflexive for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster StrictPartialOrdered -> irreflexive for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; registration cluster TrivAsymOrthoRelStr -> irreflexive StrictPartialOrdered; end; registration cluster irreflexive StrictPartialOrdered for non empty strict OrthoRelStr; end; :: Quasiorder to Partial Order reserve QO for QuasiOrdered non empty OrthoRelStr; theorem :: OPOSET_1:13 QO is antisymmetric implies QO is PartialOrdered; registration cluster PartialOrdered -> reflexive transitive antisymmetric for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; definition let PO be non empty RelStr; let f be UnOp of the carrier of PO; attr f is Orderinvolutive means :: OPOSET_1:def 17 f is involutive antitone; end; definition let PO be non empty OrthoRelStr; attr PO is OrderInvolutive means :: OPOSET_1:def 18 the Compl of PO is Orderinvolutive; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:14 the Compl of TrivOrthoRelStr is Orderinvolutive; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> OrderInvolutive; end; registration cluster OrderInvolutive Pure PartialOrdered for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; definition mode PreOrthoPoset is OrderInvolutive Pure PartialOrdered non empty OrthoRelStr; end; definition let PO be non empty RelStr; let f be UnOp of the carrier of PO; pred f QuasiOrthoComplement_on PO means :: OPOSET_1:def 19 f is Orderinvolutive & for y being Element of PO holds ex_sup_of {y,f.y},PO & ex_inf_of {y,f.y},PO; end; definition let PO be non empty OrthoRelStr; attr PO is QuasiOrthocomplemented means :: OPOSET_1:def 20 ex f being Function of PO,PO st f = the Compl of PO & f QuasiOrthoComplement_on PO; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:15 TrivOrthoRelStr is QuasiOrthocomplemented; definition let PO be non empty RelStr; let f be UnOp of the carrier of PO; pred f OrthoComplement_on PO means :: OPOSET_1:def 21 f is Orderinvolutive & for y being Element of PO holds ex_sup_of {y,f.y},PO & ex_inf_of {y,f.y},PO & "\/"({y ,f.y},PO) is_maximum_of the carrier of PO & "/\"({y,f.y},PO) is_minimum_of the carrier of PO; end; definition let PO be non empty OrthoRelStr; attr PO is Orthocomplemented means :: OPOSET_1:def 22 ex f being Function of PO,PO st f = the Compl of PO & f OrthoComplement_on PO; end; theorem :: OPOSET_1:16 for PO being non empty OrthoRelStr, f being UnOp of the carrier of PO st f OrthoComplement_on PO holds f QuasiOrthoComplement_on PO; :: PartialOrdered (non empty OrthoRelStr) theorem :: OPOSET_1:17 TrivOrthoRelStr is Orthocomplemented; registration cluster TrivOrthoRelStr -> QuasiOrthocomplemented Orthocomplemented; end; registration cluster Orthocomplemented QuasiOrthocomplemented PartialOrdered for non empty OrthoRelStr; end; definition mode QuasiOrthoPoset is QuasiOrthocomplemented PartialOrdered non empty OrthoRelStr; mode OrthoPoset is Orthocomplemented PartialOrdered non empty OrthoRelStr; end;